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Conservative estimates find that exposure to secondhand
smoke results in at least 38,000 annual deaths among
nonsmokers in the United States. Of these deaths:
35,000 result from Ischemic Heart Disease.
3,000 result from Lung Cancer.
(Data taken from the Campaign for Tobacco Free Kids) |
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Cigarette smoke is a toxic soup of more than 4,000 known
chemical compounds. According to a November 2001 report
issued by the National Cancer Institute, there are 69
known or probable carcinogens in cigarette smoke. Some of
the chemicals include Formaldehyde, Benzene, Lead, Nickel,
Arsenic, Polonium, Vinyl Chloride, and Furan.
(Data taken
from the Campaign for Tobacco Free Kids)
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Exposure of adults to secondhand smoke has immediate
adverse effects on the cardiovascular system and causes
coronary heart disease and lung cancer. (US Surgeon
General, 2006) |
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Secondhand smoke increases the risk of an acute coronary
heart disease event by 25-35%.
(International Agency for
Research on Cancer, June 2002)
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Exposure to secondhand smoke has also been causally
linked to nasal sinus cancer and breast cancer in younger,
primarily premenopausal women. (California EPA 2005)
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Simple separation of smokers and nonsmokers within the
same air space does not eliminate the effects of
secondhand smoke.
(US Surgeon General) |
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The
presence of secondhand smoke in the workplace should be a
top concern for workers because while most deaths from
secondhand smoke occur among family members of smokers,
individuals exposed to secondhand smoke in the workplace
are the second most likely population to die as a result
of their exposure. (US Public Health Service, National
Toxicology Program, Jan. 2005)
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Workers are protected by law on the job from asbestos and
other environmental toxins; secondhand smoke needs to be
recognized as one of these toxins and treated accordingly.
(American Heart Association)
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Exposure to secondhand smoke is strongly associated with
nighttime chest rightness and breathlessness after
physical activity. It is also significantly associated
with respiratory symptoms and asthma among individuals
exposed in the workplace. (The Lancet, Dec. 2001) |
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Smokefree
laws help the seven out of every ten smokers who want to
quit smoking by providing them with public environments
free from any pressure or temptation to smoke.
(Campaign for Tobacco Free Kids)
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Workplace smoking restrictions lead to less smoking among
covered workers. (US Surgeon General, 2006)
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Removing smoke from the workplace is accompanied by an
increase in cessation attempts, a reduction in the number
of cigarettes smoked per day by continuing smokers, and an
increase in the success rate of smokers who are attempting
to quit. (National Cancer Institute)
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Workplace bans on smoking reduce its prevalence by 5
percent points and daily consumption among smokers by 10
percent.
(American Economic Review, 1999) |
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Evidence
from peer-reviewed studies show that smokefree policies
and regulations do not have an adverse economic impact on
the hospitality industry. (US Surgeon General, The
Health Consequences of Involuntary Exposure Tobacco Smoke,
2006)
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Smokefree laws in Kentucky were found to be unrelated to
business openings or closures in alcohol-serving
establishments and non-alcohol serving establishments
alike. (University of Kentucky, College of Nursing)
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Data from the Delaware Alcohol beverage Control Commission
show that the number of restaurant, tavern, and taproom
licenses increased in the year following the smokefree
law’s first effective date. Employment in the state’s food
service and drinking establishments also increased in that
time period. (Delaware Department of Health and Social
Services, 2003) |
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In California, taxable sales receipts for bars have
increased every year since 1997 – the year before
California’s smokefree bars law took effect) through 2002
(the most current year in which full data is available).
Total employment at bars and restaurants increased also
during those years. (California State Board of
Equalization, State of California Employment Development
Department)
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A 2002 survey of California bar owners, managers,
assistant managers and bartenders found overwhelming
support for the state’s smokefree bar law, with more than
eight in ten bar managers and employees (83%) saying they
think the smokefree workplace law protects their health
and the health of other bar employees, and 77 percent of
bar managers and employees saying that complying with the
law has been “very” or “fairly” easy. (Campaign for
Tobacco Free Kids) |
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Smoking
costs Idahoans $319 million dollars each year in
smoking-caused health costs, and $332 million annually in
lost productivity.
(Campaign for Tobacco Free Kids)
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Smoking accounts for $24.6 million in Medicaid costs in
Idaho.
(Campaign for Tobacco Free Kids)
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Each taxpaying household in Idaho pays an average of $519
annually in costs related to smoking. (Campaign for
Tobacco Free Kids) |
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According
to the American Society of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air
Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE), with current ventilation
technology, the only effective means of eliminating the
heath risks associated with secondhand smoke is to
eliminate smoking activity, not to ventilate. (June 2005) |
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